According to their chemical nature
Nutrients are organic and
inorganic compounds in foods and, according to their chemical nature, are
classified into the following types of substances:
Protein
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Vitamins
Mineral salts
Water
Nutrients are normally
obtained by the ingestion of foods. Organic nutrients include carbohydrates,
proteins or amino acids, lipids, and vitamins. Inorganic nutrients include
minerals. Water is sometimes included in a listing of nutrients
Nutritional Classification of Foods
The different groups of foods may be
broadly classified under three heads from the nutritional point of view.
Energy-yielding
foods;
Body-
building foods and
Protective
foods.
Energy Yielding Foods
The group includes
foods rich in carbohydrates and also fats. They may be broadly divided into two
groups:
Cereals,
roots and tubers and
Carbohydrates
and Fats.
Cereals
provide, in addition to energy the greater part of the proteins, certain
minerals and vitamins in the deits of the low income groups in the developing
countries. Roots and tubers also provide some amounts of proteins, minerals and
vitamins while pure carbohydrates and fats provide only energy.
Body Building Foods
Foods rich in
proteins are called body building foods. These may be broadly divided into two
groups:
Milk,
egg and fish rich in proteins of high biological value and
Pulses,
oilseeds and nuts and low fat oilseed flours rich in proteins of medium
nutritive value.
Protective Foods
Foods rich in proteins, vitamins and minerals are termed protective foods. Protective foods are broadly classified into two groups:
Foods
rich in vitamins, minerals and proteins of high biological value e.g.., milk,
egg, fish and liver and
Foods
rich in certain vitamins and minerals only e.g., green leafy vegetables and
some fruits.
Depending on the importance
In terms of participation in metabolic reactions of the
organism as a whole, the nutrients can be:
Nonessential
Nutrients:
Nonessential Nutrients which are not vital to the body and that, under certain conditions,
are synthesized via precursor molecules (usually essential nutrients).
Therefore, the body does not need regular intake of such a condition to obtain
the precursors of their environment. These are produced by the body's
metabolism.
Essential
nutrients:
Essential nutrients are those that are vital to the agency as you can not
synthesize. That is, are substances that are so indispensable to obtain the
environment. For humans, these include essential fatty acids, essential amino
acids, some vitamins and certain minerals. Oxygen and water are also essential
for human survival, but usually not considered as nutrients when consumed in
isolation.
Humans can get energy from a variety of fats, carbohydrates, proteins and ethanol and other compounds can be synthesized (eg, certain amino acids) from essential nutrients.
The nutrients have a significant role on health, whether beneficial or toxic. For example, sodium is a nutrient that is involved in water balance processes when provided in adequate amounts. But his excessive intake in the diet can promote hypertension.
Humans can get energy from a variety of fats, carbohydrates, proteins and ethanol and other compounds can be synthesized (eg, certain amino acids) from essential nutrients.
The nutrients have a significant role on health, whether beneficial or toxic. For example, sodium is a nutrient that is involved in water balance processes when provided in adequate amounts. But his excessive intake in the diet can promote hypertension.
According to its mass
Depending on the quantity necessary for cells and organisms are classified as:
Macronutrients
are required in large quantities daily (usually in the order of grams). These
nutrients are involved as substrates in metabolic processes for energy. These include
proteins, carbohydrates and fats and are the basis of any diet.
Related Post
Nutrition: Some Definitions
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Nutrients and Their Functions
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